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Set Closet Bolts and Wax Ring — Install New Wax Ring and Bolts

Beginner

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How to Fix a Leaking Toilet Base by Replacing the Wax Ring · Step 6 of 10

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With the new flange installed and secured, the plumber prepares to mount the toilet. He inserts two brass closet bolts into the keyway slots on opposite sides of the flange. He uses plastic retaining washers to hold them upright and centered. Next, he takes a new wax ring, which has a plastic horn to help guide waste, and places it firmly over the drain opening on top of the flange.

Goal: Toilet Repair (Base Leak)

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This Old House

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FAQs

What safety precautions are most important when handling a toilet and dealing with wastewater?

Always wear sturdy work gloves, such as nitrile, to protect against bacteria and grime. Toilets are heavy, so lift with your legs and consider having a helper to prevent back injuries. Ensure the water supply is completely shut off and the tank is drained before attempting to remove the toilet.

How long should I expect this project to take, and what's the typical cost for materials?

This project typically takes 1 to 3 hours for a beginner, assuming no unforeseen issues like a damaged flange. The material cost is quite low, usually ranging from $10-$30, primarily for the new wax ring and bolts, plus any disposable items like gloves or rags.

What are the most common mistakes beginners make when replacing a wax ring, and how can I avoid them?

A common mistake is not thoroughly cleaning the old wax and debris from the flange, which prevents a proper seal. Another is overtightening the toilet bolts, which can crack the porcelain base. Ensure the toilet is seated evenly and firmly without rocking before tightening the nuts.

Should I use a traditional wax ring or consider a wax-free alternative for my toilet?

Traditional wax rings are very reliable and typically the most cost-effective option, offering a watertight seal. Wax-free alternatives, often made of rubber or foam, are reusable if the toilet needs to be reset and can be more forgiving for beginners, as they compress more easily without being messy. Both are effective, so the choice often comes down to personal preference for ease of use and mess.

Transcript
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I'm just doing each bolt a little bit at a time so I drive that rubber gasket down evenly. Okay, so now we have a nice tight seal between the flange and the bend and the flange is right down tight to the floor so that's good. Now we need to make a connection between the flange and the toilet. For that we use this. It's called a closet bolt as an oval shaped at the base and that goes into a keyway right here. Okay, and we hold that right to the center point right there. Another one on the opposing side. And now we need to make a seal with this wax ring that's going to connect to the bottom of the toilet and that keeps any sewer gases coming into the building and also keeps any water from leaking from the base of the toilet. Okay, now I want to line up those bolts.

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